股票指标基础知识: Difference between revisions

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PE =  
PE =  
\frac
\frac
{Market\ Price\ Per\ Share}
{Market Price Per Share}
{Earnings\ Per\ Share}
{Earnings Per Share}
</math>
</math>


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<math>
<math>
Forward\ PE =  
Forward PE =  
\frac
\frac
{Price}
{Price}
{Expected\ EPS}
{Expected EPS}
</math>
</math>


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<math>
<math>
Historical\ PE =  
Historical PE =  
\frac
\frac
{Price}
{Price}
{Last\ Fiscal\ Year\ EPS}
{Last Fiscal Year EPS}
</math>
</math>


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<math>
<math>
TTM\ PE =  
TTM PE =  
\frac
\frac
{Price}
{Price}
{TTM\ EPS}
{TTM EPS}
</math>
</math>


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EPS =  
EPS =  
\frac
\frac
{Net\ Income}
{Net Income}
{Shares\ Outstanding}
{Shares Outstanding}
</math>
</math>


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\frac
\frac
{Price}
{Price}
{Book\ Value\ Per\ Share}
{Book Value Per Share}
</math>
</math>


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\frac
\frac
{PE}
{PE}
{Growth\ Rate}
{Growth Rate}
</math>
</math>


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<math>
<math>
Growth\ Rate =  
Growth Rate =  
\frac
\frac
{Current\ Earnings - Previous\ Earnings}
{Current Earnings - Previous Earnings}
{Previous\ Earnings}
{Previous Earnings}
</math>
</math>


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<math>
<math>
Market\ Cap =  
Market Cap =  
Price times Shares Outstanding
Price times Shares Outstanding
</math>
</math>
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Dividend Yield =  
Dividend Yield =  
\frac
\frac
{Annual\ Dividend}
{Annual Dividend}
{Share\ Price}
{Share Price}
</math>
</math>

Revision as of 11:41, 11 June 2026

估值指标

市盈率 Price Earnings Ratio

衡量市场愿意为公司每 1 元盈利支付多少钱。市盈率越高,代表市场对未来增长预期越高。

<math> 市盈率 = \frac {股价} {每股收益} </math>

<math> PE = \frac {Market Price Per Share} {Earnings Per Share} </math>


动态市盈率 Forward Price Earnings Ratio

使用未来预计盈利计算的市盈率,反映市场对未来业绩的预期。

<math> Forward PE = \frac {Price} {Expected EPS} </math>


静态市盈率 Historical Price Earnings Ratio

使用上一完整财年盈利计算的市盈率。

<math> Historical PE = \frac {Price} {Last Fiscal Year EPS} </math>


滚动市盈率 Trailing Twelve Months Price Earnings Ratio

使用最近连续十二个月盈利计算的市盈率,是机构最常使用的 PE 指标。

<math> TTM PE = \frac {Price} {TTM EPS} </math>

盈利能力指标

每股收益 Earnings Per Share

公司赚取的净利润,平均分摊到每一股股票上的金额。

<math> 每股收益 = \frac{净利润} {总股本} </math>

<math> EPS = \frac {Net Income} {Shares Outstanding} </math>


营业收入 Revenue

公司通过主营业务获得的总收入,是企业规模的重要指标。

<math>Revenue = Sales + Service Income + Other Operating Income</math>


净利润 Net Income

企业扣除全部成本、费用、税金后的最终利润。

<math>Net Income = Revenue - Expenses - Taxes</math>


资产质量指标

市净率 Price Book Ratio

衡量市场愿意为公司每 1 元净资产支付多少钱。

<math> PB = \frac {Price} {Book Value Per Share} </math>


每股净资产 Book Value Per Share

公司净资产平均分摊到每一股股票上的金额,可理解为理论清算价值。

<math> BPS = \frac {\text{Shareholders Equity}} {\text{Shares Outstanding}} </math>

成长性指标

Price Earnings to Growth Ratio

将市盈率与利润增长率结合,用于衡量成长股估值是否合理。通常认为 PEG ≈ 1 较合理。

<math> PEG = \frac {PE} {Growth Rate} </math>


利润增长率 Earnings Growth Rate

衡量公司盈利扩张速度。

<math> Growth Rate = \frac {Current Earnings - Previous Earnings} {Previous Earnings} </math>


规模指标

总市值 Market Capitalization

市场给予整个公司的总估值。

<math>总市值 = 股价 \times 总股本</math>

<math> Market Cap = Price times Shares Outstanding </math>


现金流指标

自由现金流 Free Cash Flow

企业经营活动产生的、可自由支配的现金。比利润更难造假,是价值投资者重点关注指标。

<math> FCF = Operating Cash Flow - Capital Expenditure</math>

分红指标

股息 Dividend

公司向股东分配的现金收益。

股息率 Dividend Yield

持有股票一年可获得的股息回报率。

<math> Dividend Yield = \frac {Annual Dividend} {Share Price} </math>