股票指标基础知识: Difference between revisions
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市盈率 = | 市盈率 = | ||
\frac | \frac | ||
{股价} | {\text{股价}} | ||
{每股收益} | {\text{每股收益}} | ||
</math> | </math> | ||
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PE = | PE = | ||
\frac | \frac | ||
{Market Price Per Share} | {\text{Market Price Per Share}} | ||
{Earnings Per Share} | {\text{Earnings Per Share}} | ||
</math> | </math> | ||
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Forward PE = | Forward PE = | ||
\frac | \frac | ||
{Price} | {\text{Price}} | ||
{Expected EPS} | {\text{Expected EPS}} | ||
</math> | </math> | ||
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Historical PE = | Historical PE = | ||
\frac | \frac | ||
{Price} | {\text{Price}} | ||
{Last Fiscal Year EPS} | {\text{Last Fiscal Year EPS}} | ||
</math> | </math> | ||
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TTM PE = | TTM PE = | ||
\frac | \frac | ||
{Price} | {\text{Price}} | ||
{TTM EPS} | {\text{TTM EPS}} | ||
</math> | </math> | ||
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<math> | <math> | ||
每股收益 = | 每股收益 = | ||
\frac{净利润} | \frac{\text{净利润}} | ||
{总股本} | {\text{总股本}} | ||
</math> | </math> | ||
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EPS = | EPS = | ||
\frac | \frac | ||
{Net Income} | {\text{Net Income}} | ||
{Shares Outstanding} | {\text{Shares Outstanding}} | ||
</math> | </math> | ||
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PB = | PB = | ||
\frac | \frac | ||
{Price} | {\text{Price}} | ||
{Book Value Per Share} | {\text{Book Value Per Share}} | ||
</math> | </math> | ||
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BPS = | BPS = | ||
\frac | \frac | ||
{\text{Shareholders Equity}} | {\text{\text{\text{Shareholders Equity}}}} | ||
{\text{Shares Outstanding}} | {\text{\text{\text{Shares Outstanding}}}} | ||
</math> | </math> | ||
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PEG = | PEG = | ||
\frac | \frac | ||
{PE} | {\text{PE}} | ||
{Growth Rate} | {\text{Growth Rate}} | ||
</math> | </math> | ||
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Growth Rate = | Growth Rate = | ||
\frac | \frac | ||
{Current Earnings - Previous Earnings} | {\text{Current Earnings - Previous Earnings}} | ||
{Previous Earnings} | {\text{Previous Earnings}} | ||
</math> | </math> | ||
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Dividend Yield = | Dividend Yield = | ||
\frac | \frac | ||
{Annual Dividend} | {\text{Annual Dividend}} | ||
{Share Price} | {\text{Share Price}} | ||
</math> | </math> | ||
Revision as of 11:47, 11 June 2026
估值指标
- 市盈率 Price Earnings Ratio
衡量市场愿意为公司每 1 元盈利支付多少钱。市盈率越高,代表市场对未来增长预期越高。
<math> 市盈率 = \frac {\text{股价}} {\text{每股收益}} </math>
<math> PE = \frac {\text{Market Price Per Share}} {\text{Earnings Per Share}} </math>
- 动态市盈率 Forward Price Earnings Ratio
使用未来预计盈利计算的市盈率,反映市场对未来业绩的预期。
<math> Forward PE = \frac {\text{Price}} {\text{Expected EPS}} </math>
- 静态市盈率 Historical Price Earnings Ratio
使用上一完整财年盈利计算的市盈率。
<math> Historical PE = \frac {\text{Price}} {\text{Last Fiscal Year EPS}} </math>
- 滚动市盈率 Trailing Twelve Months Price Earnings Ratio
使用最近连续十二个月盈利计算的市盈率,是机构最常使用的 PE 指标。
<math> TTM PE = \frac {\text{Price}} {\text{TTM EPS}} </math>
盈利能力指标
- 每股收益 Earnings Per Share
公司赚取的净利润,平均分摊到每一股股票上的金额。
<math> 每股收益 = \frac{\text{净利润}} {\text{总股本}} </math>
<math> EPS = \frac {\text{Net Income}} {\text{Shares Outstanding}} </math>
- 营业收入 Revenue
公司通过主营业务获得的总收入,是企业规模的重要指标。
<math>Revenue = Sales + Service Income + Other Operating Income</math>
- 净利润 Net Income
企业扣除全部成本、费用、税金后的最终利润。
<math>Net Income = Revenue - Expenses - Taxes</math>
资产质量指标
- 市净率 Price Book Ratio
衡量市场愿意为公司每 1 元净资产支付多少钱。
<math> PB = \frac {\text{Price}} {\text{Book Value Per Share}} </math>
- 每股净资产 Book Value Per Share
公司净资产平均分摊到每一股股票上的金额,可理解为理论清算价值。
<math> BPS = \frac {\text{\text{\text{Shareholders Equity}}}} {\text{\text{\text{Shares Outstanding}}}} </math>
成长性指标
- Price Earnings to Growth Ratio
将市盈率与利润增长率结合,用于衡量成长股估值是否合理。通常认为 PEG ≈ 1 较合理。
<math> PEG = \frac {\text{PE}} {\text{Growth Rate}} </math>
- 利润增长率 Earnings Growth Rate
衡量公司盈利扩张速度。
<math> Growth Rate = \frac {\text{Current Earnings - Previous Earnings}} {\text{Previous Earnings}} </math>
规模指标
- 总市值 Market Capitalization
市场给予整个公司的总估值。
<math>总市值 = 股价 \times 总股本</math>
<math> Market Cap = Price times Shares Outstanding </math>
现金流指标
- 自由现金流 Free Cash Flow
企业经营活动产生的、可自由支配的现金。比利润更难造假,是价值投资者重点关注指标。
<math> FCF = Operating Cash Flow - Capital Expenditure</math>
分红指标
- 股息 Dividend
公司向股东分配的现金收益。
- 股息率 Dividend Yield
持有股票一年可获得的股息回报率。
<math> Dividend Yield = \frac {\text{Annual Dividend}} {\text{Share Price}} </math>